Chapter 13 : Taiwan

Taiwan is most oldest Republic country in the east Asia. Taiwan became favorite tour city for Beijing residents. Most of physical structure of Taiwan is mountain and most of population is on western area. Taiwan has warm weather so it is nice to do agriculture. In the history, Taiwan was controlled by Japan, Europ and America. After Taiwan returned back to China, Taiwan changed their industry from agriculture to industrial. Also Taiwan is one of the "Four Asian Tigers".

Chapter 11 & 12 : Hong Kong and Macau

Hong Kong and Macau is Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. They are also called "One country, Two systems". Hong Kong is most largest export and import country. In calculation of export and import, Hong Kong's container harber is the most busiest harbor in the world and Hong Kong international airport is most crowded airport in the world.

Macau is the famous tourism city in China. They are legal gambling system. Many of Chinese people and Asian people, also all of the countries people like to go to Macao. Macao is very similar to Las Vegas which is the best tourism city in the world.

Chapter 10 : Urban Development in Contemporary Beijing

Beijing is one of rapid urbanization city in the world. The population is about 20,693,000 which is 26th largest population in the world, and 4th density in the world. A massive number of people flocked to the Beijing, they have implemented a household registration system. Most of residents were hard to find house because in the middle of Beijing's house is too expensive. So they desired government low rent housing. So it makes their quality of living becomes lower. Most of Beijing workers are working in downtown Beijing. But most of workers could not live in downtown Beijing, so they have to travel far distance everyday which makes horrible traffic and pressure on public transportation system.

Chapter 8 & 9 : Beijing Industry

China's Opening Process made huge impact on world's economy. Inside of China, Beijing is most developed city, and achieved for accounting for 73.2% of its gross domestic product (GDP) with tertiary industry. In 2010, Beijing's nominal GDP reached 1.37 trillion. In 2009, Beijing nominal GDP was 1.19 trillion, a growth of 10.1% over a year. Beijing has about 23,800 industrial enterprises, covering fields of electronics, machinery, chemicals, light industry, textile and car manufacturing, high tech and modern manufacturing industries have become the leading forces of Beijing's industrial growth.

Chapter 7 : Beijing's economy

Beijing is the most developed cities in China with tertiary industry accounting for 73.2% of its gross domestic product (GDP). The Beijing Central Business district (CBD), centered on the Guomao area, has been identified as the city's new central business district, and is home to 117 Fortune 500 businesses in the financial, media, information technology, consulting and service industries.

Chapter 6 : Political Development

The government of China is regulated by the local Communist Party of China (CPC). CPC is leaded by Beijing CPC Secretary. The local CPC issues administrative orders, collects taxes, manages the economy, and directs a standing committee of the Municipal People's Congress in making policy decisions and overseeing the local government. Government officials include the mayor and vice-mayor. The Mayor of Beijing is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Beijing. Since Beijing is a centrally administered municipality, the mayor occupies the same level in the order of precedence as provincial governors. However, in the city's dual party-government governing system, the mayor has less power than the Beijing Communist Party of China Municipal Committee Secretary. Numerous bureaus focus on law, public security, and other affairs. Additionally, as the capital of China, Beijing houses all of the important national government and political institutions, including the National People's Congress.

Chapter 5 : Population and Human Resources

In late 2007, the population of Beijing was 17,430,000. As compare to late 2004, the population increased 453,000, as compare to late 2000, it increased 1,744,000. Based on public statistic, the population of Beijing resident is 11,807,000, which increased 178,000 as compare to 2004, and increased 732,000 as compare to 2000. The average population density of Beijing is 937 per km^2. The entire city of birth rate is 6.3%, and death rate is 5.2% in 2005. 11,940,000 people of Beijing population are the resident of Beijing, rest of people are temporary permission of residence. But there are lots of people live in Beijing illegally. The population of center of Beijing is 7,500,000. Beijing includes 56 ethnic races in entire China. Among the number of ethnic races, Han is 95.7%, which is 13,229,000 people. Manchu, Hui, Mongol are over 10,000 as average. The problems cause by increasing population could be a scarcity of food and gap between the rich and poor. So China government enforces a birth control which is one child per household. Beijing is the most highest GDP in China. It's nominal GDP is 2011 was $247.7 billion, which equates to a per capita GDP of $12,447. Tianjin ($13,058) and Shanghai ($12,783) are the only Chinese cities to have a higher per capita GDP.

Chapter 4 : The Political Geography of Emerging Beijing

Beijing is political city. Beijing  holds a communist representative conference, also it is not too much to say that most of policy decides in Beijing. Most of Beijing citizens are descendant of royal family, noble, or bureaucrat, and also a high ranking official or chosen intelligence, therefore most of people have self-esteem and conservative tendency. In Beijing, over 50% high-ranking university located, one of most popular university in Beijing is University of Beijing which is really good institution. The area of Beijing is 16,808 km^2 which is smaller than other city but the population is 22 million which is the largest number of population within China's cities. If illegal alien included, the population is over 22 million. One of the political issues occur right now in Beijing is about Bo Xilai. A Chinese court found him guilty on charges of graft, accepting bribes and abuse of power. Bo Xilai was recently replaced as Party Secretary for the Chongquing municipality.

Chapter 3 : Ancient Roots and Binding Traditions

Qing Dynasty

Qing Dynasty started 1636 to 1912, Beijing became the Qing capital city. After Ming Dynasty collapsed Dorgon established the Qing Dynasty as a direct successor of Ming. Qing Dynasty is the last Dynasty of China's United Dynasty. 

Opium War

In 18 century, the world addicted to opium. Opium made so much income for Britain for selling opium to Qing Dynasty. India was colony of Britain so Britain made a humongous opium farm in India. It made easy transportation rather than move exported opium from Britain to China. The government of China did not like their people got addicted to opium so they were trying to take all imported opium from drug dealer and to stop trading with Britain. But Britain could not leave China to stop trading with them because opium was the major income for them by exporting materials. So China and Britain went to a war and China defeated, because Britain has developed weapon, also, Chinese soldiers were addicted to opium already so they did not have energy to fight back. It is really said that the world got into a war because of useless drug.

Chapter 2 : Beijing's Natural Environments

Physical Geography

Beijing located in northern area in Huairou District which opens south and east. North and West mountains surrounded Beijing, these mountains protected northern agriculture area to being desert. The Great Wall across the northern Beijing, which protect nomads from invasion. At boundary of Huairou District, the mountain Dongling is the municipality’s highest point with an altitude of 2,303 meters. Major rivers which is flowing through Beijing, are the Chaobai, Yongding, Juma, are all tributaries in the Hai River system, and flow in a southeasterly direction.

Climate

Beijing is the dry city. In Koppen climate classification, Beijing is humid continental climate (DWa), which appears hot, humid summers due to the East Asian monsoon, and cold, windy, dry winter that reflect the influence of the vast Siberian anticyclone. The monthly daily average temperature in January is 25.3’F. In July, 79.2’F. The precipitation averages around 570 mm annually. Most of precipitation focused from June to August.

Population

In late 2007, the population of Beijing is 17,430,000. To compare with in 2004, the population is increased 453,000, and compare with in 2000, it increased 1,744,000. In the middle of Beijing, there are 7,500,000 people. There are 56 ethnic group race in Beijing. Han is 95.7%, and the population of Han is 13.2 million.

Chapter 1 : Beijing's Path and Progress

For this website assignment, I decided to make website about Beijing. Beijing is the capital city of China. Beijing romanized as Peking sometimes. It located at Northern China which is 6,336.14 square miles. The population as of 2012 was 20,693,000, and population density is 3,300 square miles. The major ethnic groups of Beijing is Han which is 96%, secondly Manchu 2%. 

The GDP in 2011 of Beijing, 247.7 billion which is 13th ranks of the world. China's economy had grown about 8-10 percent a year in last three decades. As you can see this graph, China's GDP is keep increasing and in 2011, 7.318 trillion US dollar. Compare to U.S. GDP which is 14.99 trillion US dollar, U.S. GDP is twice more than China's GDP. The reason why China GDP does not match U.S.'s rate is, China usually exports cheap consumer products, but U.S. produces electronics and military equipment, which are really expensive. but now, China rapidly expanded the consumer products include electronics, transport equipment, and weapons and military equipment. Also they grew manufacturing capacity, they rapidly increasing trade with Asian economic tigers which are South Korea and Taiwan. China's population is 1.46 billion. So China's labor force is really cheap and has large markets. China became the most-favored nation in trade with the U.S.